in the name of Allah the gracious the merciful
peace be upon you
welcome in lesson 2 in
server Admin Course
I'am Mohamed Elnmr from SystemAC Blog & Channel
This lesson is about servers operating systems
the content of this lesson
we will talk about the following points
point 1: what is the operating system
point 2: servers operating systems
point 3 open source and closed source systems
point 4: the common servers operating systems
In practical: we'll talk about
one: how to set up a windows server OS
two: how to set up a Linux server OS
(OS means: operating system)
point 1: what is the operating system
it's a system which controls
all the computer hardware components
such as RAM, hard, processor, sound card,
video card and etc
that in order to manage them easily by the user
across some an easy applications and interface
note that: there are operating
systems corresponding to the client
and other operating systems corresponding to
the servers
and here we will focus on
the operating systems of servers
this picture shows that
the user deals with the applications and the
applications deals with the operating system
and the operating system deals with
deals with the hardware components
so the user needs application and operating
system for dealing with the hardware components
Also, there is a picture is for
a graphical operating system
and the last picture is for a command line
operating system
point 2: the servers operating systems
it's systems corresponding to servers
and contain some advantages and applications
which allow servers to
easily introduce their services
it's divided into two parts
one: open source systems
two: closed source systems
point 3: open source and closed source systems
we will take an important comparison between them
the comparison is from
where 1- what are:
in the closed source: it's systems that
nobody can develop or
edit in its code except for the producing company
in open source:
it's systems that any developer can
develop and edit,
as its code is available for all to
2- pros:
the closed source: it's easy to use
and the has a permanent support
in open source: it's free and secure
3- cons:
in the closed source: it's costly and
less secure due to its widespread use
in open source: it needs an experience
when dealing with commands
especially in servers
4- some examples
in the closed source: Microsoft Windows systems
in open source: Linux systems
this is the logo for Windows systems
and the other logo is for Linux systems
point 4: the common servers operating systems
in the closed source:
there are windows server 2008,2012 and 2016
in open source: there is CentOS
, Debian and Ubuntu server
now the practical part:
we will take 1- how to set up a windows server OS
and here we chose Windows Server 2008 r2
2- how to set up a Linux server OS
here we chose centos 7
Note:
we will use the virtual-box program to create
a virtual machine
to make setup process on
first: installing Windows Server 2008 R2
where R2 is a modified version from
the version 2008
first of all: downloading the virtual-box program
open your
browser and type www.virtualbox.org/wiki/downloads
or open Google
search and type "download virtual-box program"
and then enter the same link
if you have an operating system on your
device such as Windows 7 or
Windows 8 or Windows 10 then click on windows hosts
and your download will be started directly
if you have a Linux system on your
device such as Ubuntu
then click on Linux distributions
then choose your version and your
download will be started
after installing the program on your device
open it from its icon as shown here
then click on new to create a new virtual
machine on your real device
now name and operating system
enter a name and here
Windows machine1 or enter the name you want
in type: choose "Microsoft Windows"
in inversion" choose other windows 64 bit
then click on next
and now the memory size: enter
here the memory size you want
and here I typed 1024, which means 1 gigabyte
then press on next
the hard disk choose
create a virtual hard disk now and then
click on create
hard disk file type
choose VHD virtual hard disk in order to
use this hard disk on another
virtualization software then press on next
now storage of physical hard disk choose
dynamically allocated
that means your hard disk will be increased
dynamically until it reaches its maximum size
and this is unlike the fixed size
and then press on next
files location and size:
from here you can change
the place of your virtual hard disk
and here you can change the name or
let them as default
and the important point here
enter the size of your virtual hard disk
and it's preferable to be greater
than 40 gigabytes and here I typed 50 gigabyte
then press create
now click on Windows machine1 that
we've created and then press on start
click here to choose the
Windows ISO file from your device
choose the file "Windows Server 2008 r2,iso"
make sure the windows iso file name
appears here and then press Start
now Windows is starting
now select the language
and here I
chose "my language is English",
let these settings as default and
note that you can change them after
installing the version then press on next
click on install now
the setup is starting
now the operating system
choose the first one Windows Server 2008
r2 standard the full installations which
involves (GUI) graphical and the core versions
accept the license and then press next
in installation type: choose "custom advanced"
now choose the hard disk that we've created
to install the windows on
if it has a large size you can divide it into
multiple partitions from here "drive options"
and then press on next
the windows files are installing now
let it be completed note that:
your computer will start several
times during this process
after completed press "ok"
enter the administrator password and then
repeat it and then press this arrow
press ok again
your desktop is preparing now
this is the final step your windows server
is ready for use now
no.2: in practical
installing centos 7 Linux system
open the virtual-box program once
again from here
click on new to create a new virtual
machine for the Linux version
Name and operating system: type the name
you want here I typed: LinuxMachine1
the type choose Linux
the version choose
linux 2.6 /3.x/4.x (64 bit)
then press next
the memory size:
enter the memory size you want and here
I entered 1024 which means one gigabyte
then press on next
the hard-disk: choose "create a virtual hard disk now"
then click on create
the hard disk file type: choose "VHD"
then press next
now the storage on physical hard disk
as we made before choose "dynamically allocated"
then press next
file location and size:
from here
you can change the name of your virtual
hard disk or let it as default
from here the size of your hard
disk and here 50 gigabyte
then click on create
then select a LinuxMachine1 that
we've created and then press on start
and now
click right here to choose the ISO file
select the CentOS 7 minimal ISO file as
shown here
make sure that the centos ISO file appears
here and then press start
now select the first one install CentOS
Linux 7 and then press enter
after that, this screen will appear with you
now select the installation
language or let it as English as default
then press Continue
now click on date and time
from here select your region, your city
and after that click on done
now select language support
from here: you can add additional language besides
English on your version to be
installed if you want
after that press done
now press on keyboard
from here: you
can add additional language to your keyboard
if you want, press this plus sign
after that select your language from here
then press add
after finished press done
now select installation source
make sure it's on "auto-detected installation media"
after that press done
now click on software selection
right here you can find all the
software on the CentOS 7 iso file
but here there is only the minimal
install so click done
now select installation destination
make sure there is a right sign on your
virtual hard disk as shown here
after that press done
now let this choice as default
now the important choice click on network and hostname
first, make it on
after that
select your network interface card
here is only one card
then press configure
first, select the ipv4 settings
then press add
here add your IP address, your subnet mask
and default gateway
then enter your DNS server after that press save
now click on begin installation
right here click on root password to enter it
note that: the root user in Linux is the
equivalent to that administrator user in Windows
here enter your password and
then confirm it again
the installation will be proceeding as shown here
after the complete word is showing then press reboot
the machine will be restarted and
then start loading again
this is the final step you can type here
root and password and use the centos version now
The end of lesson 2
I wish it helps, for any questions
or inquiries kindly contact me
through the social links or type your comment
I will reply to you as soon as possible
in the next lesson Inshaallah
we will talk about the web server
peace be upon you
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